### **Introduction to India**  

 ### **Introduction to India**  

India, officially known as the **Republic of India (Bhārat Gaṇarājya)**, is a vast and diverse country in **South Asia**. It is the **7th largest country by area** and the **most populous democracy in the world**, with over **1.4 billion people**.  

### **Key Facts:**  

- **Capital:** New Delhi  

- **Largest City:** Mumbai  

- **Official Languages:** Hindi & English (plus 22 recognized regional languages)  

- **Currency:** Indian Rupee (INR)  

- **Government:** Federal parliamentary democratic republic  

- **Independence:** 15th August 1947 (from British rule)  

- **National Symbols:**  

  - Flag: **Tiranga** (Tricolor – saffron, white, green)  

  - Emblem: **Ashoka Chakra & Lion Capital**  

  - National Anthem: **"Jana Gana Mana"**  

### **Geography & Culture:**  

- **Borders:** Pakistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar  

- **Major Rivers:** Ganges, Yamuna, Brahmaputra, Godavari  

- **Climate:** Diverse (tropical, temperate, Himalayan cold)  

- **Religions:** Hinduism (majority), Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhism, Jainism  

- **Festivals:** Diwali, Holi, Eid, Christmas, Durga Puja  

### **Economy & Achievements:**  

- **5th largest economy (GDP)**  

- **IT & Space Power** (ISRO – Chandrayaan, Mangalyaan)  

- **Bollywood & Cultural Influence** (yoga, spices, classical dance)  

India is known for its **unity in diversity**, rich history (Indus Valley, Mughal, British eras), and rapid modernization while preserving traditions.  

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